How Much Weight Can A 4x4 Support Horizontally
The proof of this requires some relatively advanced mathematics, which you can find on many web sites, Google pendulum forces for more information. So in your case, if this is the only load, you need to design for the weight of the beam (static load) plus a 400 lb point load at the center of the beam. When supporting joists that span 12 feet with no overhang beyond the beam, a double ply beam can span in feet a value equal to its depth in inches. A double 2x12 beam can span 12 feet; a (2) 2x10 can span 10 feet and so on. Dimensional Lumber Deck Beam Span Chart. The numbers in gray indicate the distance between the support posts.
The span of a beam is dependent on a few variables. The species of lumber, size of lumber and the load it carries. Fewer posts on upper level decks are typically more desirable to the occupants and this drives the use of larger framing materials for longer spans. Beam span maximums are based on a maximum anticipated live load. Building codes for residential decks only require 40 psf.
The longer the joist, the more area of deck the joist supports, and thus the beam supports. For pressure-preservative-treated southern pine no. 2 grade, there is a method that can be used for estimating beam spans for a preliminary design. When supporting joists that span 12 feet with no overhang beyond the beam, a double ply beam can span in feet a value equal to its depth in inches. A double 2x12 beam can span 12 feet; a (2) 2x10 can span 10 feet and so on.
Dimensional Lumber Deck Beam Span Chart
The numbers in gray indicate the distance between the support posts. Numbers in blue are joist spans ( beam to beam or house to beam)
| Joist Spans | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Species | Size Beam | 6' | 8' | 10' | 12' | 14' | 16' | 18' |
| Southern Pine | 2-2x6 | 6'-8' | 5'-8' | 5'-1' | 4'-7' | 4'-3' | 4'-0' | 3'-9' |
| 2-2x8 | 8'-6' | 7'-4' | 6'-6' | 5'-11' | 5'-6' | 5'-1' | 4'-9' | |
| 2-2x10 | 10'-1' | 8'-9' | 7'-9' | 7'-1' | 6'-6' | 6'-1' | 5'-9' | |
| 2-2x12 | 11'-11' | 10'-4' | 9'-2' | 8'-4' | 7'-9' | 7'-3' | 6'-9' | |
| 3-2x6 | 7'-11' | 7'-2' | 6'-5' | 5'-10' | 5'-5' | 5'-0' | 4'-9' | |
| 3-2X8 | 10'-7' | 9'-3' | 8'-3' | 7'-6' | 6'-11' | 6'-5' | 6'-1' | |
| 3-2X10 | 12'-9' | 11'-0' | 9'-9' | 8'-9' | 8'-3' | 7'-8' | 7'-3' | |
| 3-2X12 | 15'-0' | 13'-0' | 11'-7' | 10'-6' | 9'-9' | 9'-1' | 8'-7' | |
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| 3X8 OR 2-2X8 | 6'-7' | 5'-8' | 5'-1' | 4'-7' | 4'-3' | 3'-10' | 3'-5' | |
| 3X10 OR 2-2X10 | 8'-1' | 7'-0' | 6'-3' | 5'-8' | 5'-3' | 4'-10' | 4'-5' | |
| 3X12 OR 2-2X12 | 9'-5' | 8'-2' | 7'-3' | 6'-7' | 6'-1' | 5'-8' | 5'-4' | |
| 4X6 | 6'-2' | 5'-3' | 4'-8' | 4-3' | 3'-11' | 3'-8' | 3'-5' | |
| 4X8 | 8'-2' | 7'-0' | 6'-3' | 5'-8' | 5'-3' | 4'-11' | 4'-7' | |
| 4X10 | 9'-8' | 8'-4' | 7'-5' | 6'-9' | 6'-3' | 5'-10' | 5'-5' | |
| 4X12 | 11'-2' | 9'-8' | 8'-7' | 7'-10' | 7'-3' | 6'-9' | 6'-4' | |
| 3-2X6 | 7'-1' | 6'-5' | 5'-9' | 5'-3' | 4'-10' | 4'-6' | 4'-3' | |
| 3-2X8 | 9'-5' | 8'-3' | 7'-4' | 6'-8' | 6'-2' | 5'-9' | 5'-5' | |
| 3-2X10 | 11'-9' | 10'-2' | 9'-1' | 8'-3' | 7'-7' | 7'-1' | 6'-8' | |
| 3-2X12 | 13'-8' | 11'-10' | 10'-6' | 9'-7' | 8'-10' | 8'-3' | 7'-10' | |
Assumes 40 psf live load, 10 psf dead load, L/360 simple span beam deflection limit, cantilever length L/180 deflection limit, No. 2 Stress grade, and wet service conditions.
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How Much Weight Can A 4x4 Support Horizontally
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